Promiscuity and high level of multiple paternity in common wall lizards (Podarcis muralis): data from microsatellite markers

Little is known about themating system of the common wall lizard Podarcis muralis. Behavioural and observational data have demonstrated that females frequently mate with multiple males. However, the possible occurrence of multiple paternity has never been investigated. By using microsatellite paternity analysis in a wild population, we document this species indeed mate promiscuously and these matings resulted in multiple paternity in at least 87% of the clutches examined. [Authors]]]> Lizards ; Sexual Behavior, Animal ; Microsatellite Repeats eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EAFC1A4DE4 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EAFC1A4DE4 Encapsulation of neurotrophic factor-releasing cells for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. info:doi:10.3233/RNN-1995-81215 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3233/RNN-1995-81215 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/21551809 Aebischer, P. Tan, S.A. Déglon, N. Heyd, B. Zurn, A. Baetge, E. Sagot, Y. Kato, A. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 1995 Restorative Neurology and Neuroscience, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 65-66 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/0922-6028 urn:issn:0922-6028 eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EB1DA9D7D0 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EB1DA9D7D0 De la représentation des assurés devant le tribunal arbitral des assurances institué par l'article 89 LAMal Duc, J.-L. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2011 Pratique juridique actuelle (AJP/PJA), vol. 20, no. 1, pp. 85-89 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/1660-3362 fre oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EBAE571092 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EBAE571092 Relations between bone densitometry of the forearm and quantitative ultrasound of the calcaneus in elderly women Krieg, M.A. Bovard, E. Cornuz, J. Häuselmann, H.J. Burckhardt, P. info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject inproceedings 1998 2nd Joint Meeting of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research and the International Bone and Mineral Society, vol. 23, pp. F476 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/8756-3282 eng oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z urnserval <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8 Culture de la performance et abus sexuels dans le sport Ohl, Fabien Schoch, Lucie info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2020-02-05 Le Temps fre https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_17EC19A8E9D8.P001/REF.pdf http://nbn-resolving.org/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_17EC19A8E9D88 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/urn/urn:nbn:ch:serval-BIB_17EC19A8E9D88 info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersion info:eu-repo/semantics/restrictedAccess Restricted: indefinite embargo Copying allowed only for non-profit organizations https://serval.unil.ch/disclaimer application/pdf oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17ED39C35D5A 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17ED39C35D5A Lectures et plaisirs : pour une reconceptualisation des modes et des types de lecture littéraire info:doi:10.4000/edl.610 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.4000/edl.610 http://www.unil.ch/edl/fr/home.html Bemporad, C. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2014 Etudes de Lettres. Revue de la Faculté des Lettres de l'Université de Lausanne, no. 1, pp. 65-83 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pissn/2296-5084 fre X2074055640/507 <OAI-PMH xmlns="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/OAI-PMH.xsd"> 2022-05-11T12:07:00Z http://serval.unil.ch/oaiprovider/ oai:serval.unil.ch:BIB_17ED46F3E2BE 2022-05-07T01:11:25Z <oai_dc:dc xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:oai_dc="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc/ http://www.openarchives.org/OAI/2.0/oai_dc.xsd"> https://serval.unil.ch/notice/serval:BIB_17ED46F3E2BE Stapled Porcine Pericardium Displays Lower Infectivity In Vitro Than Native and Sutured Porcine Pericardium. info:doi:10.1016/j.jss.2021.11.013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1016/j.jss.2021.11.013 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/34973547 Del Tatto, B. Le Roy, D. Lambelet, M. Corpataux, J.M. Chakfé, N. Giulieri, S. Allagnat, F. Roger, T. Saucy, F. info:eu-repo/semantics/article article 2022-04 The Journal of surgical research, vol. 272, pp. 132-138 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/eissn/1095-8673 urn:issn:0022-4804 <![CDATA[Biological xenografts using tubulized porcine pericardium are an alternative to replace infected prosthetic graft. We recently reported an innovative technique using a stapled porcine pericardial bioconduit for immediate vascular reconstruction in emergency. The objective of this study is to compare the growth and adherence to grafts of bacteria and yeast incubated with stapled porcine pericardium, sutured or naked pericardium. One square centimeter of porcine pericardial patches, with or without staples or sutures, was incubated with 10 &lt;sup&gt;5&lt;/sup&gt; colony forming units of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis, and Candida albicans for 1, 6, and 24 h. The medium was collected to quantify planktonic microorganisms, while grafts were sonicated to quantify adherent microorganisms. Dacron and Dacron Silver were analyzed in parallel as synthetic reference prostheses. Stapled porcine pericardium reduced the growth and the adherence of E coli (2- to 30-fold; P &lt; 0.0005), S aureus (11- to 1000-fold; P &lt; 0.0006), S epidermidis (&gt;500-fold; P &lt; 0.0001), and C albicans (12- to 50-fold; P &lt; 0.0001) when compared to medium alone (growth) and pericardium or Dacron (adherence). Native and sutured porcine pericardium interfered with the growth and the adherence of E coli and C albicans, and Dacron with that of S epidermidis. As expected, Dacron Silver was robustly bactericidal. Stapled porcine pericardium exhibited a lower susceptibility to infection by bacteria and yeasts in vitro when compared to the native and sutured porcine pericardium. Stapled porcine pericardium might be a good option for rapid vascular grafting without increasing infectivity

Grapevine germplasm collections of Switzerland

Special Issu

Interferon alpha-2a Plus Ribavirin 1,000/1,200 mg versus Interferon alpha-2a Plus Ribavirin 600 mg for Chronic Hepatitis C Infection in Patients on Opiate Maintenance Treatment: An Open-Label Randomized Multicenter Trial

Abstract : Background: : Many intravenous opiate users are infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) but few are treated. Although this complies with various guidelines, virtually no published evidence supports such a recommendation. Patients and Methods: : In a multicenter study, HCV-infected patients in opiate maintenance treatment programs received interferon plus high- or low-dose ribavirin (1,000/1,200 mg or 600 mg). HIV-coinfected patients were not included. Endpoints were feasibility, efficacy, side effects, and reasons for dropout. Results: : Of the 420 patients who tested positive for HCV, 27 (6%) were enrolled; 393 (94%) either failed to meet the inclusion criteria or refused treatment. Virologic end-of-treatment response was achieved in 12/27 patients, and sustained response in 13/27 (48%). Response depended on viral genotype, not ribavirin dose. The two doses of ribavirin did not differ in their side effects. Conclusion: : In a small fraction of HCV-infected intravenous drug users in an opiate maintenance treatment program, antiviral therapy was feasible, safe, and effective. The success rate was comparable to that achieved in controlled studies that excluded drug user

Weak-signal extraction enabled by deep-neural-network denoising of diffraction data

Removal or cancellation of noise has wide-spread applications for imaging and acoustics. In every-day-life applications, denoising may even include generative aspects which are unfaithful to the ground truth. For scientific applications, however, denoising must reproduce the ground truth accurately. Here, we show how data can be denoised via a deep convolutional neural network such that weak signals appear with quantitative accuracy. In particular, we study X-ray diffraction on crystalline materials. We demonstrate that weak signals stemming from charge ordering, insignificant in the noisy data, become visible and accurate in the denoised data. This success is enabled by supervised training of a deep neural network with pairs of measured low- and high-noise data. This way, the neural network learns about the statistical properties of the noise. We demonstrate that using artificial noise (such as Poisson and Gaussian) does not yield such quantitatively accurate results. Our approach thus illustrates a practical strategy for noise filtering that can be applied to challenging acquisition problems.Comment: 8 pages, 4 figure

Temperature Effects on Gametophyte Life-History Traits and Geographic Distribution of Two Cryptic Kelp Species

A major determinant of the geographic distribution of a species is expected to be its physiological response to changing abiotic variables over its range. The range of a species often corresponds to the geographic extent of temperature regimes the organism can physiologically tolerate. Many species have very distinct life history stages that may exhibit different responses to environmental factors. In this study we emphasized the critical role of the haploid microscopic stage (gametophyte) of the life cycle to explain the difference of edge distribution of two related kelp species. Lessonia nigrescens was recently identified as two cryptic species occurring in parapatry along the Chilean coast: one located north and the other south of a biogeographic boundary at latitude 29–30°S. Six life history traits from microscopic stages were identified and estimated under five treatments of temperature in eight locations distributed along the Chilean coast in order to (1) estimate the role of temperature in the present distribution of the two cryptic L. nigrescens species, (2) compare marginal populations to central populations of the two cryptic species. In addition, we created a periodic matrix model to estimate the population growth rate (λ) at the five temperature treatments. Differential tolerance to temperature was demonstrated between the two species, with the gametophytes of the Northern species being more tolerant to higher temperatures than gametophytes from the south. Second, the two species exhibited different life history strategies with a shorter haploid phase in the Northern species contrasted with considerable vegetative growth in the Southern species haploid stage. These results provide strong ecological evidence for the differentiation process of the two cryptic species and show local adaptation of the life cycle at the range limits of the distribution. Ecological and evolutionary implications of these findings are discussed

Linear-in-the-parameters oblique least squares (LOLS) provides more accurate estimates of density-dependent survival

Survival is a fundamental demographic component and the importance of its accurate estimation goes beyond the traditional estimation of life expectancy. The evolutionary stability of isomorphic biphasic life-cycles and the occurrence of its different ploidy phases at uneven abundances are hypothesized to be driven by differences in survival rates between haploids and diploids. We monitored Gracilaria chilensis, a commercially exploited red alga with an isomorphic biphasic life-cycle, having found density-dependent survival with competition and Allee effects. While estimating the linear-in-the-parameters survival function, all model I regression methods (i.e, vertical least squares) provided biased line-fits rendering them inappropriate for studies about ecology, evolution or population management. Hence, we developed an iterative two-step non-linear model II regression (i.e, oblique least squares), which provided improved line-fits and estimates of survival function parameters, while robust to the data aspects that usually turn the regression methods numerically unstable

Intra-specific variation of sperm length in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae: males with shorter sperm have higher reproductive success

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Intra-specific variation in sperm length influences male reproductive success in several species of insects. In males of the malaria vector <it>Anopheles gambiae</it>, sperm length is highly variable but the significance of this variation is unknown. Understanding what determines the reproductive success of male mosquitoes is critical for controlling malaria, and in particular for replacing natural populations with transgenic, malaria-resistant mosquitoes.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>A laboratory population of <it>A. gambiae </it>males was tested for intra-specific variation in sperm length. A full-sib quantitative genetic design was used to test for a genetic component of sperm length in <it>A. gambiae </it>males and estimate its heritability. This study also tested for a relationship between sperm length and male reproductive success in <it>A. gambiae</it>. Male reproductive success was measured as the proportions of inseminated and ovipositing females.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>There was intra-specific variation of sperm length in <it>A. gambiae</it>. There was no significant genetic variation in sperm length and its heritability was low (h²= 0.18) compared to other insects. Sperm length was correlated with male body size (measured as wing length). Males with short sperm had significantly higher reproductive success than males with long sperm and this was independent of body size.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>This is the first study to demonstrate intra-specific variation in sperm length in <it>A. gambiae </it>and that males with short sperm have higher reproductive success. That sperm length influences female oviposition is important for any strategy considering the release of transgenic males.</p

The evolutionary ecology of complex lifecycle parasites: linking phenomena with mechanisms

Many parasitic infections, including those of humans, are caused by complex lifecycle parasites (CLPs): parasites that sequentially infect different hosts over the course of their lifecycle. CLPs come from a wide range of taxonomic groups-from single-celled bacteria to multicellular flatworms-yet share many common features in their life histories. Theory tells us when CLPs should be favoured by selection, but more empirical studies are required in order to quantify the costs and benefits of having a complex lifecycle, especially in parasites that facultatively vary their lifecycle complexity. In this article, we identify ecological conditions that favour CLPs over their simple lifecycle counterparts and highlight how a complex lifecycle can alter transmission rate and trade-offs between growth and reproduction. We show that CLPs participate in dynamic host-parasite coevolution, as more mobile hosts can fuel CLP adaptation to less mobile hosts. Then, we argue that a more general understanding of the evolutionary ecology of CLPs is essential for the development of effective frameworks to manage the many diseases they cause. More research is needed identifying the genetics of infection mechanisms used by CLPs, particularly into the role of gene duplication and neofunctionalisation in lifecycle evolution. We propose that testing for signatures of selection in infection genes will reveal much about how and when complex lifecycles evolved, and will help quantify complex patterns of coevolution between CLPs and their various hosts. Finally, we emphasise four key areas where new research approaches will provide fertile opportunities to advance this field